Worms - scientifically "helminths" - parasites in the human body. There are 200 known types of human parasites. They have their own structure, symptoms, method of penetration into the body. Parasites are divided into bio-, geo-, contact helminths.
Source classification:
- Biohelminths. They represent parasites that change "hosts". From insects, molluscs, to bulls and humans. Representatives: tapeworms - bovine, pork, echinococcus.
- Geohelminths. Combine the worms with a single "host". Roundworms, whipworms, nekator - the most famous worms.
- Contact helminths. The difference between contact helminths in the ease of infection through the use of patient items. Pinworms are a bright representative, a common type of helminths.
Common types of helminths in humans
Treatment of helminthiasis involves knowledge of the types of human worms. The color of the worms is from white to reddish, brown. There are transparent worms - difficult to diagnose.
Round worms
Roundworms are a type of worm with a round cross-section, similar to earthworms. Representatives:
- Roundworms are a parasitic worm that lives in the small intestine, reaching a length of 40 cm. The average lifespan of roundworms is 1 year. Worms go a long way of development, starting with the intestines, lungs, the development of an egg into a larva in the ground, and again entering the intestine. Roundworms are found in humans and animals. A person is not infected with animal roundworms.
- Pinworms are the simplest white parasites, 0. 3-1. 2 cm in size. They are infected by shaking hands, underwear, inhaling dust, with ascaris eggs. The life of pinworms is short - a maximum of 2 months. Pinworms often appear in children.
- Trichinella is a parasite, 0. 4 cm long. The source of the invasion is raw pork meat infected with larvae. Trichinosis treatment is a difficult task. A person can only partially get rid of worms. The reason is the peculiarity of their life. Adults of Trichinella mate in the intestines and die. Eggs from the intestines enter the muscles, where they are located and can parasitize for years.
- Vlasoglava is a representative of roundworms, 3 cm long, inhabiting the large intestine. Helminths stick to the intestinal wall, suck blood. The life span of a whipworm is 5 years.
Tapeworms
Tape parasites have acquired the name because of the peculiarities of the structure of the body, which looks like a tape. The flatworm can grow up to 20 m in size.
- Bovine tapeworm is a large worm 10 m long, the causes of infection are insufficient roasting of beef meat. If there is a tapeworm egg in the meat, infection will occur.
- The pork tapeworm is similar to the bovine tapeworm, only 5 times shorter. The source of infection is pig meat.
- Wide tapeworm - an adult helminth reaches a length of 15 m. You can become infected with tapeworm from fish that live in freshwater springs.
- Echinococcus is called the most dangerous. The ability to penetrate the liver causes echinococcal cysts. Carriers of adult dogs, cats. Length - 4 cm. Invasion occurs by means of dirty door handles, toilet seats.
Suckers
The group got its name because of the way it parasitizes in humans.
- The Siberian fluke is 1 cm long on average. Ingestion is provoked by the consumption of thermally unprocessed, undersalted fish. It parasitizes in the human gallbladder.
- Fasciola parasitizes in the gallbladder, has a length of up to 7 cm. The route of infection is raw water.
Parasite infestation methods
People who do not take care of their hygiene and cleanliness at home can get helminthiasis. Under the blow fall "cleanliness", convulsively washing hands after the street, thoroughly frying the meat. Depending on the type of helminth, infection occurs in different ways.
- Oral-fecal - helminth eggs enter through the mouth.
- Contact - the method is common when infected with pinworms. Helminths lay eggs on the anus, causing itching, brushing inseminates the hands. With unwashed hands, the infected person transfers eggs to objects, door handles, etc.
- Through water. Raw water is the place where the larvae of helminths (fasciola), which are dangerous to health, live.
- Through soil - sand, soil is infected with helminth eggs. It is worth monitoring the length of the nails, if you have to dig in the ground, wash your hands thoroughly. Eggs can be ingested through unwashed food.
You can get infected through insect bites - a rather rare case.
Symptoms of helminthiasis
The first symptoms appear when helminthiasis reaches its peak. Symptoms appear depending on the type of worm.
A sharp decrease in weight, an emaciated appearance, body aches, pallor of the skin and itching in the anus are unequivocal signs of invasion.
Disorders of the gastric tract: vomiting, diarrhea, nausea, diarrhea and flatulence, abdominal pain near the navel - a sign of the presence of helminths localized in the intestines.
The manifestation of rashes, brittle nails and hair are indirect, but an indicator of infection. With worms in the body of an adult, a child, intoxication occurs with the waste of worms. The body habitually perceives human proteins as allergens, which causes skin rashes. Diseases such as allergic rhinitis, or urticaria, bronchial asthma are a helminthic symptom.
A persistent headache is a symptom of worms. In cases where it is impossible to establish a diagnosis, the cause of the headaches, pain relievers do not help.
A decrease in immunity, an immune response indicates a clear weakening of the body that appears with helminthiasis. Stomatitis, sinusitis, sinusitis, vaginosis - make you think about the prevention of helminths. All kinds of diseases can overtake the human body.
The presence of worms is indicated by diseases that are incurable for a long time. An organ defeated by worms does not respond to treatment.
Diagnostics of the helminthic invasion
Diagnostics, treatment - this should be entrusted to professionals. An infectious disease doctor who diagnoses helminthiases will be able to draw correct conclusions. Infectionists will be able to understand and determine the cause of the disease, localization and prescribe treatment.
Parasites live in the intestines, organs, and tissues. Diagnostics of a separate area will not help to recreate the picture. Depending on the affected organ, tissue, the purpose of treatment depends.
For a complete diagnosis, it is worth conducting a full examination of the body: X-rays, taking for analysis of feces, urine, sputum of the lungs, scraping from the anus, scraping the navel, vagina (for girls), blood.
With x-rays, they see a possible movement of worms in the lungs - ascaris. In the blood, a high number of eosinophils indicates the presence of helminths. Stool analysis is checked for the presence of worm eggs. It is easy to prescribe treatment for worms. Sputum is taken to check for the presence of ascaris larvae, etc.
If there is such an incident that helminths have appeared, it is worth starting therapy immediately.
Treatment
After a complete diagnosis, in the presence of helminths, treatment is prescribed - medication, folk or complex. It is real to cure worms. They do not heal for long, but it all depends on the severity of the invasion.
Pharmacy preparations
Medication is a more effective solution for helminths. After treatment of helminthiasis, the appearance of worms in people is reduced with the condition of personal hygiene.
Chemotherapy drugs are used to eliminate parasites from the body. Here they are most appropriate. They are engaged in influencing the biostructure, bioprocesses of the parasite. By disrupting the work and paralyzing the worms, the tablets cope with the task, and the worms are excreted from the body in the feces.
Dosage, time interval and medication are prescribed by the doctor. In this case, the worm disease will be eliminated.
Folk ways
Nature is varied - there are many ways to heal. The fight against worms has long roots. Traditional medicine is suitable for those who have some kind of contraindications, allergic reactions to drugs.
The main set of herbs, products of anthelmintics: walnuts, pumpkin seeds, garlic, wormwood, tansy.
The wormwood plant will help if worms appear. Wormwood tincture is effective for tapeworms, roundworms. Pumpkin seeds, garlic are eaten simply, without additional processing. Tansy, like wormwood, is infused and then used. These funds can be used as an anthelmintic or as a prophylactic agent.
After such treatment, the worms leave the body.
Prevention of helminths
If there are no signs of infection, but the likelihood of appearance is frightening, it is worthwhile to carry out prevention. The most successful is medication. When it comes to self-help, you can do it without pills.
To carry out prevention, you need to understand where the worms start from, how they multiply. Personal hygiene is important, but food should not be forgotten. Eating dried fish or sushi, steak with blood threatens to become infected with tapeworms.
Personal hygiene, keeping your home, pets, families clean, eating only thermally processed foods, washed vegetables, berries, fruits - will protect you from helminthic infestation.